{"id":20445,"date":"2009-02-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-02-15T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.farmchemicalsinternational.com\/2009\/02\/15\/national-standards-on-organic-production\/"},"modified":"2019-09-16T13:47:32","modified_gmt":"2019-09-16T17:47:32","slug":"national-standards-on-organic-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agribusinessglobal.com\/pt\/industry-news\/national-standards-on-organic-production\/","title":{"rendered":"Normas Nacionais de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Org\u00e2nica"},"content":{"rendered":"

Normas Nacionais de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e Manuseio Org\u00e2nico <\/a>(NOP) entrou em vigor em 21 de outubro de 2002. Administrado por USDA<\/a> como parte do Lei Federal de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de Alimentos Org\u00e2nicos <\/a>de 1990, as novas regras s\u00e3o descritas como o \u201cpadr\u00e3o org\u00e2nico mais forte e abrangente do mundo\u201d. Elas oferecem uma defini\u00e7\u00e3o nacional do termo \u201corg\u00e2nico\u201d. Elas detalham os m\u00e9todos, pr\u00e1ticas e subst\u00e2ncias que podem ser usadas na produ\u00e7\u00e3o e manuseio de culturas e gado org\u00e2nicos, bem como produtos processados. Elas estabelecem crit\u00e9rios claros de rotulagem org\u00e2nica e pro\u00edbem especificamente o uso de m\u00e9todos de engenharia gen\u00e9tica, radia\u00e7\u00e3o ionizante e lodo de esgoto para fertilizantes.<\/p>\n

Todos os produtos agr\u00edcolas rotulados como org\u00e2nicos devem ser origin\u00e1rios de fazendas ou opera\u00e7\u00f5es de manuseio certificadas por uma ag\u00eancia estadual ou privada credenciada pelo USDA. Fazendas e opera\u00e7\u00f5es de manuseio que vendem menos de $5000 por ano em produtos agr\u00edcolas org\u00e2nicos est\u00e3o isentas de certifica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

O Organic Food Production Act exige que todas as opera\u00e7\u00f5es de cultivo, cultivo selvagem, gado e manuseio que requeiram certifica\u00e7\u00e3o enviem um plano de sistema org\u00e2nico ao seu agente certificador e, quando aplic\u00e1vel, ao programa org\u00e2nico estadual. O plano de sistema org\u00e2nico \u00e9 uma descri\u00e7\u00e3o detalhada de como uma opera\u00e7\u00e3o atingir\u00e1, documentar\u00e1 e manter\u00e1 a conformidade com todas as disposi\u00e7\u00f5es de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do Act e do NOP. O agente certificador deve concordar que o plano de sistema org\u00e2nico proposto atende aos requisitos e qualquer modifica\u00e7\u00e3o subsequente do plano org\u00e2nico pelo produtor ou manipulador deve receber a aprova\u00e7\u00e3o do agente certificador.<\/p>\n

Um plano de sistema org\u00e2nico cont\u00e9m seis componentes:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Deve descrever as pr\u00e1ticas e procedimentos utilizados, incluindo a frequ\u00eancia com que ser\u00e3o utilizados, na opera\u00e7\u00e3o certificada;<\/li>\n
  2. Deve listar e caracterizar cada subst\u00e2ncia utilizada como insumo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o ou manuseio, incluindo a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de disponibilidade comercial;<\/li>\n
  3. Deve identificar as t\u00e9cnicas de monitoramento que ser\u00e3o usadas para verificar se o plano org\u00e2nico est\u00e1 sendo implementado de maneira a cumprir todos os requisitos aplic\u00e1veis;<\/li>\n
  4. Deve explicar o sistema de manuten\u00e7\u00e3o de registros usado para preservar a identidade dos produtos org\u00e2nicos desde o ponto de certifica\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00e9 a entrega ao cliente que assume a titularidade legal dos produtos;<\/li>\n
  5. Deve descrever as pr\u00e1ticas de gest\u00e3o e as barreiras f\u00edsicas estabelecidas para evitar a mistura de produtos org\u00e2nicos e n\u00e3o org\u00e2nicos em uma opera\u00e7\u00e3o dividida e para evitar o contato de opera\u00e7\u00f5es e produtos de produ\u00e7\u00e3o e manuseio org\u00e2nicos com subst\u00e2ncias proibidas; e<\/li>\n
  6. Deve conter as informa\u00e7\u00f5es adicionais consideradas necess\u00e1rias pelo agente certificador para avaliar as condi\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas do local relevantes para a conformidade com estes ou com os regulamentos aplic\u00e1veis do programa estadual.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de culturas<\/p>\n

    Um produtor de uma cultura org\u00e2nica deve gerenciar a fertilidade do solo, incluindo pr\u00e1ticas de cultivo e culturais, de uma maneira que mantenha ou melhore a condi\u00e7\u00e3o f\u00edsica, qu\u00edmica e biol\u00f3gica do solo e minimize a eros\u00e3o do solo. Ele deve gerenciar materiais vegetais e animais para manter ou melhorar o conte\u00fado de mat\u00e9ria org\u00e2nica do solo de uma maneira que n\u00e3o contribua para a contamina\u00e7\u00e3o de culturas, solo ou \u00e1gua por nutrientes vegetais, organismos patog\u00eanicos, metais pesados ou res\u00edduos de subst\u00e2ncias proibidas. Materiais vegetais e animais incluem esterco animal cru, materiais vegetais e animais compostados e materiais vegetais n\u00e3o compostados.<\/p>\n

    Um produtor pode aplicar um nutriente agr\u00edcola ou corretivo de solo inclu\u00eddo na Lista Nacional de Subst\u00e2ncias Sint\u00e9ticas permitidas na produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola. (Veja a lista anexa na p\u00e1gina seguinte).<\/p>\n

    Qualquer campo ou parcela de fazenda usada para produzir uma safra org\u00e2nica deve ter sido gerenciada de acordo com os requisitos nas se\u00e7\u00f5es 205.203 a 205.206 e n\u00e3o ter tido nenhuma subst\u00e2ncia proibida aplicada a ela por pelo menos 3 anos antes da colheita da safra. Tais campos e parcelas de fazenda tamb\u00e9m devem ter limites distintos e definidos e zonas de amortecimento para evitar o contato com a terra ou safra por subst\u00e2ncias proibidas aplicadas \u00e0 terra adjacente.<\/p>\n

    Lista Nacional de Subst\u00e2ncias Permitidas para uso na Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de Culturas Org\u00e2nicas<\/p>\n

    Subst\u00e2ncias Sint\u00e9ticas
    \nComo herbicidas, barreiras contra ervas daninhas (conforme aplic\u00e1vel)
    \nHerbicidas \u00e0 base de sab\u00e3o
    \nPara uso na manuten\u00e7\u00e3o de fazendas e culturas ornamentais
    \nCobertura morta
    \nJornais ou outros pap\u00e9is reciclados (sem tintas brilhantes ou coloridas)
    \nCobertura e coberturas pl\u00e1sticas (\u00e0 base de petr\u00f3leo, exceto cloreto de polivinila)
    \nComo repelentes de animais
    \nSab\u00f5es, am\u00f4nio
    \nSem contato com o solo ou partes comest\u00edveis da colheita
    \nComo inseticidas
    \nCarbonato de am\u00f4nio
    \nPara uso apenas como isca em armadilhas para insetos, sem contato direto com a cultura ou solo
    \n\u00c1cido b\u00f3rico
    \nControle estrutural de pragas. Nenhum contato direto com alimentos ou planta\u00e7\u00f5es
    \nPolissulfeto de c\u00e1lcio
    \nEnxofre elementar
    \nEnxofre de cal
    \n\u00d3leos, hort\u00edcolas
    \n\u00d3leos de gama estreita como \u00f3leos dormentes, sufocantes e de ver\u00e3o
    \nSabonetes, inseticidas
    \nArmadilhas\/barreiras pegajosas
    \nComo atrativos para insetos
    \nFerom\u00f4nios
    \nComo controle de doen\u00e7as de plantas
    \nHidr\u00f3xido de cobre
    \n\u00d3xido de cobre
    \nOxicloreto de cobre
    \nSulfato de cobre
    \nCal hidratada
    \nPer\u00f3xido de hidrog\u00eanio
    \nEnxofre de cal
    \n\u00d3leos, hort\u00edcolas
    \n\u00d3leos de gama estreita como \u00f3leos dormentes, sufocantes e de ver\u00e3o
    \nBicarbonato de pot\u00e1ssio
    \nEnxofre elementar
    \nEstreptomicina
    \nApenas para controle de queimadura bacteriana em ma\u00e7\u00e3s e peras
    \nTetraciclina (complexo de c\u00e1lcio oxitetraciclina)
    \nSomente para controle de queimadura bacteriana
    \nComo emendas de plantas ou solo
    \nExtratos de plantas aqu\u00e1ticas (exceto hidrolisados)
    \nEnxofre elementar
    \n\u00c1cidos h\u00famicos
    \nDep\u00f3sitos naturais, somente extratos aquosos e alcalinos
    \nSulfonato de lignina
    \nAgente quelante, supressor de poeira, agente de flota\u00e7\u00e3o
    \nSulfato de magn\u00e9sio
    \nPermitido para defici\u00eancia de solo documentada
    \nMicronutrientes (exceto aqueles feitos de nitratos ou cloretos)
    \nA defici\u00eancia do solo deve ser documentada por meio de testes
    \nProdutos l\u00edquidos de peixe
    \nPode ser ajustado com \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico, c\u00edtrico ou fosf\u00f3rico, n\u00e3o excedendo o m\u00ednimo necess\u00e1rio para baixar o pH para 3,5
    \nVitaminas B1, C e E
    \nComo reguladores de crescimento de plantas
    \nEtileno
    \nPara regula\u00e7\u00e3o da flora\u00e7\u00e3o do abacaxi
    \nSulfonato de lignina
    \nSilicato de s\u00f3dio
    \nPara processamento de frutas e fibras<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Os Padr\u00f5es Nacionais de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e Manuseio Org\u00e2nico (NOP) entraram em vigor em 21 de outubro de 2002. Administrados pelo USDA como parte\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[489],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-industry-news"],"yoast_head":"\nNational Standards on Organic Production - AgriBusiness Global<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The National Standards on Organic Production and Handling (NOP) became effective October 21, 2002. 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