{"id":28695,"date":"2011-05-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2011-05-03T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.farmchemicalsinternational.com\/2011\/05\/03\/illegal-trade-threatens-industry-profits\/"},"modified":"2014-11-21T14:39:23","modified_gmt":"2014-11-21T19:39:23","slug":"illegal-trade-threatens-industry-profits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agribusinessglobal.com\/pt\/markets\/illegal-trade-threatens-industry-profits\/","title":{"rendered":"Com\u00e9rcio ilegal amea\u00e7a lucros da ind\u00fastria"},"content":{"rendered":"

Estima-se que 5% a 10%, ou cerca de $4 bilh\u00f5es do mercado global de pesticidas, seja ocupado por produtos falsificados.<\/p>\n

\u201cA incid\u00eancia de falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o global e tr\u00e1fico ilegal de produtos fitofarmac\u00eauticos tem crescido substancialmente nos \u00faltimos anos, especialmente com o aumento da capacidade de fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o gen\u00e9rica, processos de fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o computadorizados, gr\u00e1ficos computadorizados para rotulagem e o relaxamento nas leis comerciais globais e regionais\u201d, diz Utz Klages, Bayer CropScience<\/a> porta-voz para prote\u00e7\u00e3o de cultivos e ci\u00eancia ambiental.<\/p>\n

Agricultores que usam produtos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o de cultivos falsificados e outros produtos ilegais contendo subst\u00e2ncias ativas ilegais ou de baixa qualidade podem afetar n\u00e3o apenas a si mesmos devido \u00e0 sa\u00fade potencial e ao risco de danos \u00e0 sua colheita, mas tamb\u00e9m ao meio ambiente e \u00e0 sa\u00fade do consumidor. Al\u00e9m disso, um aumento na falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o, por sua vez, criou um crescimento no crime organizado, pois a falta de fiscaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e fortalecimento das leis atuais ainda precisa ser abordada.<\/p>\n

Definindo a falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n

Definir o ato de falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o e as leis exatas que ele viola \u00e9 o primeiro passo para combater o com\u00e9rcio ilegal de pesticidas. Embora a ind\u00fastria de pesticidas seja contra a pr\u00e1tica, existe uma diferen\u00e7a de opini\u00e3o entre empresas multinacionais e gen\u00e9ricas, de acordo com o Dr. Roman Macaya, presidente da AgroCare, que representa empresas gen\u00e9ricas internacionalmente.<\/p>\n

\u2022 O Governo Central da China e a Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Industrial continuam a visar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o e o com\u00e9rcio ilegais<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cAs empresas multinacionais t\u00eam sido muito agressivas na promo\u00e7\u00e3o de medidas de execu\u00e7\u00e3o anti-falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o\u201d, ele diz. \u201cElas ter\u00e3o apoio da ind\u00fastria gen\u00e9rica, desde que a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o seja definida corretamente e n\u00e3o usada como arma de abuso.\u201d<\/p>\n

A quest\u00e3o que existe \u00e9 se a viola\u00e7\u00e3o de patente se enquadra na defini\u00e7\u00e3o de falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o e tamb\u00e9m como aplicar adequadamente as leis de falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o existentes quando existem problemas diferentes entre empresas e ao redor do mundo.<\/p>\n

Direitos de propriedade intelectual internacionais s\u00e3o abordados sob o Acordo Comercial Anti-Contrafa\u00e7\u00e3o. Assim, a viola\u00e7\u00e3o de patente \u00e9 geralmente tratada por tribunais civis, incluindo o ato na defini\u00e7\u00e3o de contrafa\u00e7\u00e3o no ACTA. Ent\u00e3o, expor indiv\u00edduos a acusa\u00e7\u00f5es criminais n\u00e3o seria apropriado.<\/p>\n

\u201cComo na maioria das quest\u00f5es legais, n\u00e3o deve haver uma estrat\u00e9gia de execu\u00e7\u00e3o \u201ctamanho \u00fanico\u201d\u201d, diz Macaya. \u201cNenhuma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e9ria ser\u00e1 a favor da falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o. Da mesma forma, nenhuma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e9ria deve tentar criar confus\u00e3o sobre o que \u00e9 falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o para ampliar o escopo das a\u00e7\u00f5es de execu\u00e7\u00e3o para outras \u00e1reas que n\u00e3o se enquadram na defini\u00e7\u00e3o de falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o.\u201d<\/p>\n

Por exemplo, pa\u00edses em desenvolvimento e pa\u00edses desenvolvidos t\u00eam necessidades diferentes. Estrat\u00e9gias diferentes sobre como lidar com a falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o dentro desses pa\u00edses s\u00e3o essenciais para desacelerar efetivamente o uso de pesticidas falsificados, diz Macaya.<\/p>\n

Legisla\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n

Segundo Phil Newton, gerente s\u00eanior de comunica\u00e7\u00f5es da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Europeia de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o de Cultivos, pa\u00edses do Leste Europeu, como R\u00fassia e Ucr\u00e2nia, s\u00e3o supostamente alguns dos maiores contribuintes para o com\u00e9rcio ilegal de pesticidas.ECPA<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Uma vez que uma remessa de produtos falsificados cruza a fronteira, eles s\u00e3o enviados para pa\u00edses onde criminosos organizados europeus os rotulam de forma inadequada e iniciam o processo de venda. Aproximadamente $435 milh\u00f5es da ind\u00fastria de pesticidas da Europa s\u00e3o perdidos para falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o a cada ano, e pouco est\u00e1 sendo feito no lado legislativo para combater o problema, ele diz.<\/p>\n

\u201cEles n\u00e3o descobriram um suporte da lei que trate adequadamente do transporte de produtos qu\u00edmicos\u201d, diz Newton. \u201cPode haver uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o em que algo pode ser apreendido pela alf\u00e2ndega se tiver uma marca falsa anexada a ele.\u201d<\/p>\n

No entanto, garrafas de pesticidas com r\u00f3tulos geralmente s\u00e3o enviadas separadamente do conte\u00fado do barril. A alf\u00e2ndega europeia s\u00f3 pode apreender garrafas com r\u00f3tulos. Ent\u00e3o, barris com produtos podem passar e geralmente s\u00e3o rotulados como sab\u00f5es ou emulsificantes em vez de seus conte\u00fados reais.<\/p>\n

\u201cO transporte n\u00e3o exige regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es muito rigorosas\u201d, ele diz. \u201cA maioria n\u00e3o vem rotulada ou comprada como pesticidas. \u00c9 muito comum que acidentes e derramamentos ocorram quando esses produtos s\u00e3o enviados em cont\u00eaineres diferentes do que s\u00e3o.\u201d<\/p>\n

Interromper remessas antes que elas cheguem ao pa\u00eds pretendido \u00e9 uma das etapas mais cruciais para acabar com pesticidas falsificados. No entanto, como a maioria das leis visa direitos de propriedade intelectual e branding, o envio continua sendo uma \u00e1rea de s\u00e9ria fraqueza no ambiente legislativo, diz Newton.<\/p>\n

Educa\u00e7\u00e3o do Agricultor<\/p>\n

Um dos m\u00e9todos mais eficazes para interromper o com\u00e9rcio de pesticidas falsificados \u00e9 a educa\u00e7\u00e3o do agricultor. Como os agricultores s\u00e3o os usu\u00e1rios finais de produtos falsificados, ensin\u00e1-los sobre a compra de revendedores confi\u00e1veis de pesticidas e os potenciais efeitos adversos do uso de produtos falsificados \u00e9 essencial para desacelerar o com\u00e9rcio ilegal de pesticidas. O agricultor pode n\u00e3o saber que o frasco que est\u00e1 comprando pode ser uma amea\u00e7a \u00e0 sa\u00fade humana e \u00e0s suas planta\u00e7\u00f5es, diz Newton.<\/p>\n

A falta de controles de qualidade durante a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de pesticidas falsificados representa o maior problema. As consequ\u00eancias potenciais do uso de pesticidas falsificados incluem perda de safra, ramifica\u00e7\u00f5es legais e perda de confiabilidade para o fazendeiro que usa o produto.<\/p>\n

\u201cH\u00e1 medo suficiente sobre o uso de pesticidas e a reputa\u00e7\u00e3o do produto\u201d, diz Newton. \u201cA situa\u00e7\u00e3o anti-falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o acentua esses medos porque pode essencialmente destruir a reputa\u00e7\u00e3o dos agricultores. A \u00fanica maneira de as aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de tecnologia avan\u00e7ada serem confi\u00e1veis pelo consumidor \u00e9 se o agricultor parecer respons\u00e1vel, profissional e respons\u00e1vel.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u00e3o s\u00f3 produtos falsificados podem destruir a reputa\u00e7\u00e3o dos fazendeiros, como a perda de safras \u00e9 um risco significativo por causa de produtos com r\u00f3tulos errados e formula\u00e7\u00f5es incorretas. Na Nig\u00e9ria, fazendeiros foram instados a parar de usar produtos falsificados depois que pesticidas ilegais comprometeram a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de cacau em 2010.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00c9 preciso um fazendeiro para comprar o produto\u201d, diz Newton. \u201cMuitos podem n\u00e3o saber que \u00e9 falsificado, e treinar fazendeiros para evitar produtos ilegais, mostrando os riscos e como evitar riscos, \u00e9 importante.\u201d<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Estima-se que 5% a 10%, ou cerca de $4 bilh\u00f5es do mercado global de pesticidas seja ocupado por produtos falsificados...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":93,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[5],"tags":[343],"class_list":["post-28695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-markets","tag-counterfeiting-2"],"yoast_head":"\nIllegal Trade Threatens Industry Profits - AgriBusiness Global<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An estimated 5% to 10%, or about $4 billion of the global pesticide market is taken up by counterfeit products. “The incidence of global\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agribusinessglobal.com\/pt\/markets\/illegal-trade-threatens-industry-profits\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Illegal Trade Threatens Industry Profits - 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