{"id":61564,"date":"2018-07-31T09:52:12","date_gmt":"2018-07-31T13:52:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agribusinessglobal.com\/?p=61564"},"modified":"2020-03-11T14:05:39","modified_gmt":"2020-03-11T18:05:39","slug":"pyrethrum-comeback-afoot-in-east-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agribusinessglobal.com\/pt\/markets\/pyrethrum-comeback-afoot-in-east-africa\/","title":{"rendered":"O retorno do p\u00edretro est\u00e1 a caminho da \u00c1frica Oriental"},"content":{"rendered":"

Os governos da \u00c1frica Oriental est\u00e3o renovando esfor\u00e7os para revitalizar o subsetor do piretro, que est\u00e1 em dificuldades, a fim de trazer de volta a flora\u00e7\u00e3o que tornou a regi\u00e3o o epicentro da produ\u00e7\u00e3o global.<\/p>\n

Com o aumento da demanda pelo cultivo comercial usado na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de inseticidas naturais, os pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Oriental est\u00e3o determinados a reavivar o cultivo de piretro e impulsionar o subsetor ao auge da erradica\u00e7\u00e3o da pobreza e do crescimento econ\u00f4mico.<\/p>\n

\"Pyrethrum<\/a>

As flores de pyrethrum s\u00e3o pulverizadas, e os componentes ativos contidos nas cascas das sementes, chamados piretrinas, s\u00e3o extra\u00eddos e vendidos na forma de uma oleorresina. Cr\u00e9dito da foto: GFDL, Creative Commons<\/p><\/div>\n

O esfor\u00e7o para revitalizar o subsetor que j\u00e1 foi uma das principais fontes de divisas est\u00e1 ganhando for\u00e7a, pois os fabricantes de agroqu\u00edmicos est\u00e3o cada vez mais migrando para produtos com baixa toxicidade para mam\u00edferos e biopesticidas com zero res\u00edduos, principalmente para horticultura e floricultura.<\/p>\n

Al\u00e9m disso, o uso de piretrinas na fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de produtos para cuidados m\u00e9dicos e cuidados pessoais est\u00e1 impulsionando uma demanda que deve acelerar em cerca de 2% no m\u00e9dio prazo, impulsionando o consumo das atuais 11.000 toneladas m\u00e9tricas para 14.000 toneladas m\u00e9tricas at\u00e9 2025, de acordo com pesquisa de mercado da IndexBox.<\/p>\n

\u201cO desenvolvimento da principal ind\u00fastria consumidora, que \u00e9 a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de inseticidas, ser\u00e1 um motor desse crescimento moderado do consumo\u201d, afirma o relat\u00f3rio.<\/p>\n

Durante seu auge na d\u00e9cada de 1980 e in\u00edcio da d\u00e9cada de 1990, o subsetor do piretro arrecadou cerca de $250 milh\u00f5es anualmente para o Qu\u00eania, Tanz\u00e2nia e Uganda, com uma produ\u00e7\u00e3o de aproximadamente 30.000 toneladas m\u00e9tricas por ano.<\/p>\n

Ao longo dos anos, a produ\u00e7\u00e3o caiu para cerca de 8.000 toneladas m\u00e9tricas, com a Tanz\u00e2nia produzindo sozinha 6.300 toneladas m\u00e9tricas, tornando-se o maior produtor e respondendo por 70% da produ\u00e7\u00e3o global.<\/p>\n

Outros grandes produtores incluem a Su\u00ed\u00e7a, com 4.880 toneladas m\u00e9tricas, Papua Nova Guin\u00e9, com 1.150 toneladas m\u00e9tricas, e It\u00e1lia, com 300 toneladas m\u00e9tricas.<\/p>\n

O Qu\u00eania, que em um ponto foi o maior produtor, com um pico de cerca de 18.000 toneladas m\u00e9tricas no in\u00edcio dos anos 1990, atualmente produz 350 toneladas m\u00e9tricas anualmente. \u201cO Qu\u00eania perdeu cerca de 90% de sua participa\u00e7\u00e3o no mercado global devido a pol\u00edticas ruins que consolidaram o monop\u00f3lio de um processador estatal que falhou em pagar os agricultores em dia e investir em materiais de plantio de alta qualidade\u201d, diz Justus Monda, presidente da Pyrethrum Growers Association (PGA) do Qu\u00eania.<\/p>\n

Principais mercados de exporta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n

Programas de revitaliza\u00e7\u00e3o do piretro de concreto foram lan\u00e7ados no Qu\u00eania e na Tanz\u00e2nia, enquanto planos est\u00e3o em andamento para reformar o regime regulat\u00f3rio para incentivar mais empresas a investir no setor.<\/p>\n

O Qu\u00eania, em particular, destinou $2 milh\u00f5es para a revitaliza\u00e7\u00e3o do subsetor e colocou o piretro entre as seis culturas comerciais de alto valor que precisam de apoio governamental significativo.<\/p>\n

O pa\u00eds tamb\u00e9m est\u00e1 se mobilizando para acabar com o monop\u00f3lio da Pyrethrum Processing Co. do Qu\u00eania, que foi responsabilizada pelos problemas que afligem o subsetor quando era conhecida como Pyrethrum Board of Kenya.<\/p>\n

O pa\u00eds j\u00e1 licenciou quatro empresas privadas para se dedicarem \u00e0 produ\u00e7\u00e3o, processamento e exporta\u00e7\u00e3o da cultura comercial para mercados nos EUA, Europa e \u00c1sia.<\/p>\n

Os EUA continuam sendo o maior mercado de exporta\u00e7\u00e3o do Qu\u00eania, respondendo por 401 TP3T, seguidos pelo Reino Unido com 151 TP3T.<\/p>\n

Uma das empresas, a Orion EPZ Ltd, recebeu autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o da Ag\u00eancia de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental dos EUA para exportar pesticidas \u00e0 base de piretro para o mercado dos EUA, que tradicionalmente tem sido o principal mercado do Qu\u00eania.<\/p>\n

\u201cA Orion tem sido a fornecedora preferida de produtos \u00e0 base de piretr\u00f3ide para a maioria dos principais exportadores de horticultura para a Uni\u00e3o Europeia. Pretendemos estender esse legado e know-how para os EUA\u201d, diz Ruo Maina, CEO da Orion EPZ.<\/p>\n

Ele acrescenta que a Orion desenvolveu mais de 10 produtos \u00e0 base de piretro que det\u00eam uma forte participa\u00e7\u00e3o de mercado, principalmente em sa\u00fade p\u00fablica, agricultura, pecu\u00e1ria e controle de pragas municipais na regi\u00e3o da \u00c1frica Oriental.<\/p>\n

A Orion nomeou a Green Earth Trust, uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o nacional de base de produtores de piretro, exportadores de piretrina, formuladores e fabricantes, como seu agente de marketing. \u201cPor meio da Green Earth Trust, a Orion EPZ tem acesso a mais de 5.000 produtores na Tanz\u00e2nia, Uganda e Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica do Congo, com capacidade atual para fornecer 5.000 toneladas m\u00e9tricas anualmente. Isso torna poss\u00edvel para a empresa atender \u00e0s demandas nos EUA\u201d, diz Stephen Lumumba, CEO da Green Earth Trust.<\/p>\n

Outras empresas que receberam licen\u00e7as no Qu\u00eania s\u00e3o Africhem Botanical, Highchem East Africa e Senju Development Co.<\/p>\n

Com o n\u00famero de agricultores que cultivam a cultura caindo de 200.000 no pico para cerca de 15.000 atualmente, as partes interessadas do setor acreditam que o licenciamento de mais empresas e as incurs\u00f5es no mercado dos EUA trar\u00e3o o fasc\u00ednio de volta, principalmente para os agricultores que haviam arrancado a cultura em massa.<\/p>\n

\u201cEsperamos recrutar mais de 20.000 agricultores nos pr\u00f3ximos dois anos, visando uma m\u00e9dia de dois hectares por agricultor. Tal \u00e1rea nos daria, sem d\u00favida, a maior colheita de flores do mundo quando totalmente realizada\u201d, diz Lumumba.<\/p>\n

Por sua vez, a Tanz\u00e2nia tamb\u00e9m est\u00e1 licenciando mais empresas no subsetor e fornecendo aos agricultores servi\u00e7os de mudas e extens\u00e3o de melhor qualidade, al\u00e9m de garantir que eles sejam pagos prontamente.<\/p>\n

Tamb\u00e9m houve esfor\u00e7os para investir em pesquisas para criar novas tecnologias, particularmente nas \u00e1reas de pr\u00e1ticas agron\u00f4micas, colheita e manejo da cultura antes de coloc\u00e1-la no mercado.<\/p>\n

\u201cNo final das contas, o sucesso de reviver o subsetor est\u00e1 atrelado \u00e0 recupera\u00e7\u00e3o da confian\u00e7a dos fazendeiros. Isso \u00e9 garantir que os fazendeiros sejam bem pagos e em dia\u201d, diz Monda.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Os governos da \u00c1frica Oriental est\u00e3o renovando esfor\u00e7os para reavivar o subsetor do piretro, que est\u00e1 em dificuldades, a fim de trazer de volta a flora\u00e7\u00e3o\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":61566,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,5],"tags":[1799],"class_list":["post-61564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africa-middle-east","category-markets","tag-biosolutions-africa"],"yoast_head":"\nPyrethrum Comeback Afoot in East Africa - AgriBusiness Global<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Governments in East Africa are renewing efforts to revive the ailing pyrethrum subsector in order to bring back the bloom that had made the region the\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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