{"id":62005,"date":"2018-11-02T08:53:06","date_gmt":"2018-11-02T12:53:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agribusinessglobal.com\/?p=62005"},"modified":"2018-10-23T14:55:04","modified_gmt":"2018-10-23T18:55:04","slug":"kenyas-crop-protection-industry-fears-dire-consequences-of-new-pesticides-tax","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agribusinessglobal.com\/pt\/agrochemicals\/kenyas-crop-protection-industry-fears-dire-consequences-of-new-pesticides-tax\/","title":{"rendered":"A ind\u00fastria de prote\u00e7\u00e3o de cultivos do Qu\u00eania teme "consequ\u00eancias terr\u00edveis" do novo imposto sobre pesticidas"},"content":{"rendered":"

A ind\u00fastria de produtos agroqu\u00edmicos no Qu\u00eania est\u00e1 indignada com a decis\u00e3o do governo de impor um imposto sobre valor agregado (IVA) de 16% sobre produtos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o de cultivos.<\/p>\n

\"Bureau\"<\/a>

Eric Bureau, Diretor Geral da Bayer e Chefe de Pa\u00eds na \u00c1frica Oriental<\/p><\/div>\n

Em uma medida que surpreendeu o setor, o governo removeu os pesticidas da categoria de produtos isentos de IVA e retrocedeu a data efetiva para 1\u00ba de julho, um acontecimento que gerou f\u00faria e oposi\u00e7\u00e3o de formuladores e importadores.<\/p>\n

Efetivamente, isso significa que o custo de varejo dos pesticidas dever\u00e1 aumentar em pelo menos 16%, algo que a ind\u00fastria avalia que tornar\u00e1 os pesticidas inacess\u00edveis aos agricultores e desencadear\u00e1 efeitos em espiral n\u00e3o apenas na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de alimentos, mas tamb\u00e9m na sobreviv\u00eancia das empresas.<\/p>\n

\u201cO impacto imediato \u00e9 o decl\u00ednio da demanda porque os agricultores podem n\u00e3o ter mais condi\u00e7\u00f5es de comprar os insumos, e a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de alimentos pode diminuir. Se os agricultores comprarem os produtos, o custo dos alimentos definitivamente aumentar\u00e1. Esta \u00e9 uma decis\u00e3o muito ruim\u201d, diz Eric Bureau, Diretor Geral da Bayer e Country Head East Africa.<\/p>\n

Ao impor o novo imposto, o governo cedeu \u00e0 press\u00e3o do Fundo Monet\u00e1rio Internacional (FMI). No entanto, a ind\u00fastria prometeu lutar por sua revoga\u00e7\u00e3o com base no fato de que ele tem o potencial de acabar com investimentos e expor o pa\u00eds \u00e0 inseguran\u00e7a alimentar.<\/p>\n

Ultimamente, o FMI vem pressionando o Qu\u00eania para empreender reformas fiscais que incluem a elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de isen\u00e7\u00f5es fiscais para aumentar a arrecada\u00e7\u00e3o de receitas internas, reduzir d\u00e9ficits or\u00e7ament\u00e1rios e desacelerar o ac\u00famulo da d\u00edvida p\u00fablica.<\/p>\n

Embora os pesticidas, que durante anos foram isentos e tiveram al\u00edquota zero, tenham se tornado produtos alvos, a ind\u00fastria de agroqu\u00edmicos est\u00e1 pressionando pela revoga\u00e7\u00e3o da lei, que j\u00e1 entrou em vigor para proteger investimentos e garantir que os produtos permane\u00e7am acess\u00edveis aos agricultores.<\/p>\n

Sob os ausp\u00edcios da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o de Agroqu\u00edmicos do Qu\u00eania (AAK), a ind\u00fastria se reuniu com membros do Parlamento e fez lobby pela revis\u00e3o da Lei de Emenda Tribut\u00e1ria de 2018, na qual os produtos de controle de pragas agr\u00edcolas foram exclu\u00eddos entre os produtos que n\u00e3o atraem o IVA 16%.<\/p>\n

\"AAK-CEO-Evelyn-Lusenaka\"<\/a>

Evelyn Lusenaka, CEO da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o de Agroqu\u00edmicos do Qu\u00eania<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cA nova medida tribut\u00e1ria aumentar\u00e1 o custo da produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola para os agricultores com poucos recursos porque o IVA \u00e9 um imposto de repasse\u201d, diz a CEO da AAK, Evelyn Lusenaka.<\/p>\n

Ela acrescenta que, com fertilizantes, inseticidas e pesticidas respondendo por at\u00e9 50% do custo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o, o aumento dos pre\u00e7os reduzir\u00e1 ainda mais as margens dos agricultores, tornando a agricultura pouco atraente.<\/p>\n

A ind\u00fastria agroqu\u00edmica recebeu apoio da Associa\u00e7\u00e3o de Fabricantes do Qu\u00eania (KAM), que alega que a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o das novas medidas tribut\u00e1rias e o retrocesso da data de in\u00edcio para 1\u00ba de julho ter\u00e3o consequ\u00eancias terr\u00edveis nas opera\u00e7\u00f5es das empresas.<\/p>\n

\u201cRetroceder os impostos para 1\u00ba de julho deixou a ind\u00fastria confusa, j\u00e1 que as vendas de pesticidas est\u00e3o em andamento desde 1\u00ba de julho, quando nenhum IVA foi cobrado\u201d, diz a CEO da KAM, Phyllis Wakiaga.<\/p>\n

Sem d\u00favida, a imposi\u00e7\u00e3o de IVA sobre pesticidas foi um choque para as empresas de agroqu\u00edmicos.<\/p>\n

A medida foi contr\u00e1ria \u00e0s expectativas do setor, considerando que os produtos para controle de pragas eram isentos de IVA at\u00e9 abril do ano passado, quando o status foi alterado para al\u00edquota zero.<\/p>\n

Apesar da ind\u00fastria ter elogiado a decis\u00e3o de aplicar taxa zero aos pesticidas, algo que tornou os produtos acess\u00edveis e baratos aos agricultores, as comemora\u00e7\u00f5es duraram pouco.<\/p>\n

\u201cA tributa\u00e7\u00e3o favor\u00e1vel de pesticidas antes da emenda contribuiu para aumentar a acessibilidade e o uso, garantindo assim uma melhor produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola e reduzindo perdas associadas a pragas e doen\u00e7as\u201d, diz Lusenaka.<\/p>\n

Dois passos para frente, um passo para tr\u00e1s<\/h2>\n

A introdu\u00e7\u00e3o do IVA agora cria um ambiente totalmente diferente. Chegando em um momento em que o Qu\u00eania est\u00e1 lutando para transformar o setor agr\u00edcola e identificou a seguran\u00e7a alimentar como uma das principais prioridades nacionais, a mudan\u00e7a deixou um gosto amargo na ind\u00fastria agchem nascente, que estava em uma trajet\u00f3ria de crescimento.<\/p>\n

Estima-se que o consumo de pesticidas no Qu\u00eania seja de cerca de 14 milh\u00f5es de quilos por ano, em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com um pa\u00eds como a \u00c1frica do Sul, que consome 35 milh\u00f5es de quilos.<\/p>\n

\u201cOs ganhos alcan\u00e7ados at\u00e9 agora no setor agr\u00edcola provavelmente ser\u00e3o corro\u00eddos\u201d, diz Lusenaka.<\/p>\n

Ela acrescenta que o efeito adverso agravado seria sentido em termos de redu\u00e7\u00e3o da produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola, redu\u00e7\u00e3o de renda e meios de subsist\u00eancia para v\u00e1rios participantes da cadeia de valor, aumento da inseguran\u00e7a alimentar e redu\u00e7\u00e3o do crescimento do setor agr\u00edcola, o que, em \u00faltima an\u00e1lise, afetaria o produto interno bruto.<\/p>\n

Pior ainda, o setor, que j\u00e1 sofre com problemas de falsifica\u00e7\u00f5es e importa\u00e7\u00f5es ilegais, pode testemunhar um aumento sem precedentes dessa amea\u00e7a, principalmente com produtos vindos de pa\u00edses vizinhos, como Tanz\u00e2nia e Uganda, onde n\u00e3o s\u00e3o tributados com IVA.<\/p>\n

No Qu\u00eania, um total de 18% de produtos de controle de pragas s\u00e3o falsificados, sendo a situa\u00e7\u00e3o pior na Tanz\u00e2nia e Uganda, onde at\u00e9 40% e 45%, respectivamente, s\u00e3o falsificados.<\/p>\n

\u201cEste \u00e9 outro risco para o Qu\u00eania porque mais produtos ilegais vir\u00e3o de pa\u00edses vizinhos por causa da diferen\u00e7a de pre\u00e7o e das altas taxas de falsifica\u00e7\u00f5es\u201d, diz Bureau.<\/p>\n

Outra grande preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 que, com os pesticidas fora do alcance dos agricultores, pragas e doen\u00e7as ter\u00e3o um dia de campo.
\nIsso \u00e9 bastante alarmante, considerando que pragas e doen\u00e7as j\u00e1 contribuem com 40% a 100% de perdas nas colheitas, uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o que tende a piorar com o surgimento e o aumento de novas pragas, como a lagarta-do-cartucho e a tuta absoluta, entre outras.<\/p>\n

Para as empresas, a incapacidade de empurrar produtos para o mercado pode desencadear uma tend\u00eancia tr\u00e1gica de redu\u00e7\u00e3o de escala, fechamento ou realoca\u00e7\u00e3o para pa\u00edses com regimes fiscais favor\u00e1veis. Nem \u00e9 preciso dizer que, embora o Qu\u00eania se orgulhe de suas 85 empresas agroqu\u00edmicas, menos de um quarto controla cerca de 65% do mercado, com as outras oscilando no modo de sobreviv\u00eancia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A ind\u00fastria agroqu\u00edmica do Qu\u00eania est\u00e1 em p\u00e9 de guerra com a decis\u00e3o do governo de impor uma taxa de valor agregado de 16%\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":62013,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,4],"tags":[54],"class_list":["post-62005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africa-middle-east","category-agrochemicals","tag-featured-home"],"yoast_head":"\nKenya\u2019s Crop Protection Industry Fears 'Dire Consequences' of New Pesticides Tax - AgriBusiness Global<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The agrichemcials industry in Kenya is up in arms over a decision by the government to impose a 16% value-added tax (VAT) on crop protection products. 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