如何防止昆虫、细菌、病毒和杂草侵染水果、蔬菜和其他植物和食品货物，然后传播到世界各地，这是联合国粮食及农业组织今年为期四天的国际专家会议的重点。星期。
年会 植物检疫措施委员会 (CPM) 的管理机构 国际植物保护公约 (IPPC)，汇集了来自 181 个成员国的高级植物健康专家。
The CPM’s task is, among other things, to review and establish International Standards on Phytosanitary Measures that govern how plants and plant products should be handled during movement and transport. It also endorses ways to support developing countries improve the effectiveness of their National Plant Protection Organizations, FAO said.
This year’s CPM meeting, which lasts until March 20, is set to deal with the topic of electronic phytosanitary certification, or ePhyto, with participants discussing and possibly approving the establishment of an ePhyto online hub. This could facilitate the exchange of millions of ePhytos per year resulting in increased efficiencies in port operations, and a reduction in the costs, including environmental, associated with printing and shipping paper certificates.
在为期四天的会议期间还安排了一系列会外会议，讨论新的害虫诊断技术等主题。
“A staggering $1.1 trillion worth of agricultural products are traded internationally each year, with food accounting for more than 80% of the total. In this more and more globalized world, we need to increase our efforts to protect food security and the environment, and ensure safe trade from pests of plants,” FAO Deputy Director General Natural Resources, Maria Helena Semedo, said.
“A failure to monitor the spread of plant pests and diseases can have disastrous consequences on agricultural production and food security for millions of poor farmers,” Semedo said addressing the meeting. “Learning from past experiences, preventions are the first line of defense against plant pests and diseases and they have also proven the most cost effective ways.”
粮农组织估计，由于植物病虫害造成的破坏，全球作物产量每年减少 20% 至 40%。
正确包装
“Once a pest becomes established, it is almost impossible to eradicate and is expensive to manage,” said IPPC Coordinator, Craig Fedchock.
对此至关重要的是用于运输植物和其他农产品的材料，以确保它不会为害虫提供滋生的场所。
“Had more been known about the risks associated with solid wood packaging material 35 years ago, millions of dollars could have been saved through a simple inexpensive heat treatment of wooden pallets before their use in international trade,” Fedchock said.
他列举了亚洲长角甲虫，据信这种甲虫在未经处理的实木包装材料中从亚洲传播到美国，以及加拿大、特立尼达和欧洲的几个国家。甲虫或其幼虫以树叶、树枝和树皮为食，导致许多树木死亡。
Fedchock 还指出，为了根除松木线虫，大韩民国在过去三十年中花费了大约 $400 百万，并计划在 2015 年再花费 $4500 万，并且在相关措施中，还减少了大约 3.5万棵树近年来。松木线虫是一种导致松树枯萎病的蛔虫，被认为起源于北美，可能寄生在未经处理的木托盘上，并通过贸易引入其他地方。