生物燃料快照

正如向生物燃料生产的转变正在改变美国农业一样,以下是一些精选市场以及他们如何感受生物燃料的影响。

法国

France is a major European sunflower seed producer, with 1.3 to 1.5 million metric tons (MMT) produced annually, according to the US Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agriculture Service. Demand for raw materials used in biodiesel is expected to increase the amount of planted area of canola (the main beneficiary, which should increase from  320,000 Ha in 2005 to 1.25 million Ha by 2010) and sunflower seeds (with growth from 50,000 Ha to 330,000 Ha by 2010). 

俄罗斯

尽管它显示出巨大的潜力,但俄罗斯的生物能源部门仍未开发,因为其能源需求通过补贴的天然气在当地得到满足。然而,外国公司已开始计划供应不断增长的欧盟需求。一些项目包括 Volgograd Oblast,一个位于伏尔加格勒地区的乙醇生产厂,将于 2008 年启动; Krasnodar Kray,位于 Krasnodar kray 莫斯托夫地区的油菜加工厂;油菜籽压榨设施库尔干州;鄂木斯克州,一家乙醇工厂; Orel Oblast,一个油菜生物柴油设施;和利佩茨克州,一家乙醇工厂。

墨西哥

The government of Mexico is becoming interested in developing the country’s biofuel capacity to reduce political pressure related to a number of agricultural commodities, particularly corn and sugar, in light of the upcoming full implementation of NAFTA in 2008.

印度尼西亚

While the government has emphasized biofuel development, no quantifiable incentives or clear policy exists to facilitate investment. Some small-scale plants and pilot projects are running, and some companies plan to construct large-scale production plants. Most of these focus on using either palm oil or castor oil to produce biodiesel, although one firm is also considering corn for ethanol. As the world’s second leading palm oil producer, and with a surplus approaching 10 million tons, palm oil has the greatest potential, but for this to happen, the palm oil would have to be bid away from export markets, where demand is strong.

南非

South Africa’s Energy Development Corporation (EDC), a division of the state-owned Central Energy Fund (CEF), is to buy a 25.1% stake in Ethanol Africa, a company set up by commercial farmers to turn surplus corn into biofuel. The deal will add impetus to an initiative to absorb the potential corn surplus, which was avoided this year by planting 44% fewer hectares to corn. Ethanol Africa plans to set up eight ethanol plants in the traditional corn-producing provinces of Free State and North West. The first plant at Bothaville will take 400,000 tons of corn annually and should be in operation by late 2007.