生物刺激素如何证明其价值

生物刺激素产品正处于大规模扩张的边缘,作物保护分销公司有很好的机会利用不断增长的需求和使用。氨基酸、黄腐酸、腐殖酸、海藻提取物、微生物、有益真菌、蛋白质水解物、生物聚合物和无机化合物长期以来一直用于特种农作物。水果、蔬菜、坚果、苗圃作物和温室作业已成为世界各地这些自然技术的早期采用者。

在过去 10 年之前,它们的功效主要是轶事。小面积作物更容易监测,而且在复杂的研发研究证明其价值之前很久,农民就能够衡量生物刺激素的积极作用。它们的好处是有形的:生物刺激素培育出更健康的植物,更适合抵抗疾病、承受非生物胁迫并结出丰富、优质的果实。现在科学正在赶上结果。

“We’ve entered a green revolution in plant health,” says Fabio Agnolon, Product Manager for Sicit 2000, one of the first companies to produce and market amino acids for biostimulation 50 years ago. The company has revenues of $51 million and is growing about 15% per year. “We are getting very good at understanding how the peptides work in the plant so that we can promote root growth in natural ways, increase the activity of crop protection products, and improve yields and quality.”

高价值生产系统通常具有有限和明确的空间,通过优化产量和产品质量来激励。生物刺激素创造出更健康的植物,帮助它们在压力条件下茁壮成长,而且关于它们功效的文件每天都在改进,这主要是因为在这个领域运营的公司越来越成熟。

在过去的 30 年里,生物刺激素公司一直在努力工作,通过严格的功效研究来验证他们的产品。许多公司都遵循作物保护行业标准,包括国内田间试验和实验室研究。

“Genomic testing allows us to understand the expressions of phenotypes, which tell us exactly how to apply the products because the metabolic pathways have created some predictability for efficacy and application timing,” says Marco Rosso, Global Corporate Affairs Director for Valagro, a $119-million company that sells 20 product lines into 80 countries.

基因组和其他测试已成为生物刺激素公司的标准。研发现在引领着该行业的产品开发,就像它引领着传统化学公司一样。这是一个激动人心的时刻,因为随着科学家们对土壤健康、根系活动以及植物微生物组中材料和生物体的相互依赖性的理解不断加深,新的突破不断被发现。在许多方面,我们才刚刚开始了解生物刺激素的工作原理和原因,科学可能会带来作物投入的农艺学转变。

“The future of feeding the world is integrated crop management,” Rosso says. “Global damage from abiotic stress has exceeded crop damage from pests, and farmers understand the problem.”

需求驱动因素和增长

农民的农艺需求,以及消费者和零售商对低残留和有机农产品的草根影响,在过去几年中为该行业带来了相当大的推动。

“If you would have told me five years ago that the industry would go in this direction this quickly, I would have not believed it,” says Italpollina CEO Luca Bonini, a third-generation manufacturer that began making fertilizers in the 1950s. The company’s first biostimulant products were developed in 1991, and now the company exports those products to 70 countries. The company is investing into manufacturing in the burgeoning U.S. market while maintaining its original production in Italy and an R&D center in France. The company has grown 25% in the past five years. “No one was investing into biostimulants when we started. R&D and investment into new technologies has changed the dynamic of the industry quite a bit, and there will continue to be a lot of movement in the next five to 10 years.”

该行业的一些增长是由跨国公司的大量投资推动的。 2012年,拜耳以$4.25亿美元收购了总部位于加州的AgraQuest。同年晚些时候,巴斯夫以 $10.2 亿美元的价格收购了 Becker Underwood。 2013 年,孟山都与诺维信建立了名为 BioAg 联盟的研发和分销合作伙伴关系,其目标是到 2025 年为 25% 至 50% 的美国农田提供服务。

不少后专利公司也加入了竞争。 Arysta LifeScience 于 2007 年收购了墨西哥的 Grupo Bioquimico,并于 2015 年收购了法国的 Goemar。FMC、Isagro、Sipcam、Sapec 和其他后专利公司在过去 10 年中积极进入该领域,其中一些是最近才进入的。

这些投资引起了人们对产品的新兴趣,并帮助推动了对其农艺功能的研究。生物刺激素提高光合作用效率、耐旱性、耐寒性、耐热性、耐盐性、促进根系生长、增加更多更好质量的花和果实,减少水果腐烂和开裂、水果颜色和成熟的均匀性、产品保质期和水果大小。

其他好处包括优化作物保护产品和化肥。更健康的植物使作物保护产品更有效。这意味着在适当的时候添加生物刺激素可以使传统杀虫剂更有效
的发展。

分配

根据生物刺激素产品的不同,应用时间可以非常具体以优化功效。大部分技术应用于犁沟,而其他技术,特别是促进水果产量和质量的产品,可以通过叶面产品应用。生物刺激素还可以根据作物、气候和条件发挥不同的作用。

与其他具有研发专业知识和具有特定应用协议的产品的制造商一样,生物刺激素公司总体上依赖分销商将产品使用传递给最终用户。这就是为什么这些产品倾向于在作物保护价值链中跟随作物保护。

“The companies who are successful today focus on trading with the right partners, ones who address their clients like we address our markets,” says Nicolas Lindemann, Executive Director of Madrid-based Tradecorp, a division of Sapec, which sells about $89 million of specialized nutrition into 60 countries. “There is still a knowledge gap about these products, so we work with partners that have a framework to convey that knowledge to farmers. We think these technologies are going to bring a revolution in the market, and that means we are looking for long-term relationships.”

Lindemann 说,Tradecorp 拥有大约 150 系列产品,该公司为不同市场的特定作物定制开发这些产品。这种对市场需求的反应强化了生物刺激素公司以制造为中心的性质及其对强大分销合作伙伴的需求。

在许多情况下,公司正在寻找合作伙伴进行国内田间试验,以加快注册要求并为种植者提供更多数据。许多公司也资助学术界的研究,以帮助推动这一进程,并在学术和推广服务层面建立支持。

“The first step we take when entering a market is to engage universities so they can do field tests and understand how the products work in those environments,” says Nicola Farina, Sales, Marketing,
和总部位于意大利的 ILSA 的传播总监。

这种参与说明了生物刺激素公司是如何专注于研发的,以及制造商为证明这一被迫克服蛇油声誉的细分市场的有效性所付出的努力。因此,生物刺激素制造商在选择贸易伙伴时格外小心,以继续提升该细分市场的声誉和正确使用其产品,从而使采用率随着农民的生产力和质量而增长
的生产。

“We work directly with distributors that have knowledge of our products,” says Francisco Espinosa Escrig, Chief Research Officer for Valencia, Spain-based Siepasa, which expects to double its $12 million revenues in the next three years. “It is our philosophy to look for high-quality partners, from day one, who we can work closely with at every level, from field trials all the way through the value chain to the final grower.”

许可可以是增长的另一种选择。 Green Universe Agriculture 是一家以微生物研发为基础的相对初创企业,其首席执行官 Ignacio Horche 表示,该领域研发活动的激增最终将导致对两家公司和产品发现的更多收购。较大的分销公司可能也在寻找专有品牌产品。

“Multinational companies are looking for specialty products and exclusive technologies that they can develop, and that is something that we can offer,” Horche says, adding that tailor-made microbial mixtures can be blended with some crop protection products for ease of use, and the possibility of creating a new patented product because of its uniqueness.

这种动态也在其他领域发挥作用,尤其是作物保护,因为整合价值链意味着更少的制造公司、更集中的分销以及更少的零售商能够向农民提供产品。由于这种整合给价值链的各个层面都带来了压力,作物投入品各个环节的贸易伙伴将努力巩固产品的市场准入并差异化他们的产品组合,以保持对寻求全方位服务产品选择的种植者的竞争力。

联系 David Frabotta  dfrabotta@meistermedia.com